Measurement of the changes of carbonaceous materials caused by intercalation of sodium deposited from molten salts electrolyte
Vladimír Danielik *, Pavel Fellner, Jomar Thonstad a
Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Technology and Materials, Radlinského 9, SK – 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
a Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, N – 7491 Trondheim, Norway
E-mail: * vladimir.danielik@stuba.sk
Abstract: Intercalation of sodium into the carbon lining of aluminium electrolysis cells is a common cause of its failure. The effect of sodium on model carbon cathode materials was studied in the system with high activity of sodium (molten NaF–NaCl system). Commercially available carbon materials such as semigraphite and electrographite (Kompozitum, Topoľčany, SK) were chosen as model cathodes. The experiments were carried out at a constant cathode current density of 0.7 A cm–2. A modified Rapoport test was developed and used to study the expansion of the chosen types of carbon materials.
Keywords: intercalation into graphite, sodium intercalation, fluoride melts, Rapoport test, graphite swelling
Full paper in Portable Document Format: acs_0199.pdf
Acta Chimica Slovaca, Vol. 8, No. 1, 2015, pp. 1—4, DOI: 10.1515/acs-2015-0001